Our simulations predict that this state is a black metal-transparent in the infrared-so the shiny metal observed at 490 GPa (ref. We show that hydrogen metallization occurs at 380 GPa in phase III due to band overlap, in good agreement with transport data 2. We demonstrate that nuclear quantum fluctuations downshift the vibron frequencies by 25%, introduce a broad lineshape into the Raman spectra and reduce the optical gap by 3 eV. In this work, we simulate the structural properties and vibrational Raman, infrared and optical spectra of hydrogen phase III, accounting for proton quantum effects. Recent low-temperature experiments 1, 2, 3 report different metallization pressures, ranging from 360 GPa to 490 GPa. Hydrogen metallization under stable conditions is a substantial step towards the realization of the first room-temperature superconductor.
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